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一、计算机的三个指标人们在购置计算机时,总是希望可靠性好、价格便宜、使用方便,而且存放的信息越多越好,运算的速度越快越好。因此,计算机的字长、运算速度、存贮容量成为用户十分关心的三个基本技术指标。字长在计算机中,作为一个整体被传送和运算的一串二进制代码叫一个计算机字,简称字。一个字所含的二进制位数称为字长。例如,某计算机总以8位为一整体进行数据传送,而且基本运算时8位同时进行,则这台机器的字长为8位,亦称为8位机。若以16位为一整体进行传送、运算,则这台机器的字长是16位,称为16位机。此外,计算机中常用到字节这个单位。一个字节即8位二进制数。现在的计算机通常是字节的整数倍,如16位机(2个
First, the three indicators of the computer People in the purchase of computers, always want good reliability, cheap, easy to use, and the more information stored as possible, the faster the faster the better. Therefore, the computer’s word length, computing speed, storage capacity has become the user is very concerned about the three basic technical indicators. The word length in a computer, as a whole was sent and calculated a string of binary code called a computer word, referred to as the word. The number of bits in a word is called the word length. For example, a computer with a total of 8 as a whole for data transfer, and basic operations at the same time 8, then the machine word length is 8, also known as 8-bit machine. If the 16-bit as a whole to send, computing, then the machine’s word length is 16, known as the 16-bit machine. In addition, computers often use bytes as a unit. One byte is an 8-bit binary number. The current computer is usually an integer multiple of bytes, such as 16-bit machines (2