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目的分析2006—2011年仙桃市狂犬病流行病学特征,为科学防治提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法,对2006—2011年仙桃市狂犬病疫情资料和流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果 2006—2011年仙桃市共发生狂犬病19例,病死率100%。疫情分布在14个镇(区),占所有镇(区)的77.78%;各月均有病例报告,但还是以夏秋季为主;狂犬病人均有被犬或猫咬伤史;18例未进行伤口处理,1例伤口处理不规范;100%未注射疫苗。平均潜伏期346 d,越接近头面部者潜伏期越短。结论暴露后规范处理是预防狂犬病发作的关键因素,因此普及群众狂犬病防治知识,规范伤口处理,积极接种疫苗,提高暴露后人群免疫率,是目前急需采取的预防控制措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Xiantao City from 2006 to 2011 and provide evidence for scientific prevention and treatment. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the epidemiological data and epidemiological data of rabies from 2006 to 2011 in Xiantao. Results A total of 19 rabies cases were found in Xiantao City from 2006 to 2011, with a mortality rate of 100%. The outbreaks were distributed in 14 towns (districts), accounting for 77.78% of all the towns (districts). Cases were reported in each month, but most of them were still in summer and autumn. Rabies patients were bitten by dogs or cats, and 18 cases were not carried out Wound treatment, 1 case of wound treatment is not standardized; 100% not injected vaccine. The average incubation period was 346 days. The shorter the incubation period, the closer to the head and face. Conclusion Standardized treatment after exposure is the key factor to prevent the rabies attack. Therefore, popularizing knowledge of rabies prevention and control, standardizing wound management, vaccinating actively and raising immunity rate after exposure are the preventive and control measures urgently needed.