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联合国世界卫生组织统计,全球死亡患者中,三分之一是死于不合理用药;我国每年约有20万人死于药品不良反应,家庭用药不良反应需要住院治疗的病人则多达250万人。这些庞大数字的形成原因是人们对药物不良反应不够重视,合理用药做的不够,处方中开的药物和剂量都不够准确,几乎不考虑个人耐受因素。在所有影响药物反应的因素中,遗传因素占主导作用。药物在人体内代谢的过程中涉及到许多酶、转运蛋白和受体等,它们与药品反应有很大关系。由于个体存在的遗传差异,使得药物的最终药效会有很大个体差别。
According to the UN World Health Organization, one third of global deaths have died of irrational drug use. About 200,000 people die of adverse drug reactions each year in our country and as many as 2.5 million people require hospitalization for side effects. . The reason for these huge numbers is that people do not pay enough attention to adverse drug reactions and do not make proper use of medicines. The prescribed medicines and doses are not accurate enough to consider the individual tolerance factors. Among all the factors that influence drug response, genetic factors play a leading role. Drug metabolism in the human body involves many enzymes, transporters and receptors, which have a great relationship with the drug reaction. Because of the genetic differences existing in the individual, there is a large individual difference in the ultimate efficacy of the drug.