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清政府于1875年开始正式对外派驻公使,以期深化与西方的交流与认知。清季驻外公使的著述,对西方教育多有记载,公使们对西方的层级教育青睐有加。根据他们的考察,西方的小学教育在于培养国民的基本素质,专门教育担负着为行业输送专门人才的责任,高等教育则是西方一切科技进步的发动机。西方学校的作用,在公使们对西方教育的考察中体现的淋漓尽致。对西方教育的考察,促使公使们对国内教育的堪忧之状,提出了自身的看法。
In 1875, the Qing government began formally sending foreign ministers to the country to deepen exchanges and understanding with the West. The writings of the Qing foreign minister were mostly recorded in western education. The ministers preferred the education in the west. According to their investigation, the primary education in the West is to cultivate the basic qualities of the people. Specialized education takes the responsibility of delivering specialized personnel to the industry. Higher education is the engine of all scientific and technological progress in the West. The role of Western schools is vividly demonstrated by the ministers’ inspection of Western education. The investigation of Western education has prompted the envoys to put forward their own views on the worrisome state of domestic education.