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人诺如病毒属于杯状病毒属,是全球病毒性胃肠炎的最主要病原体。据世界卫生组织(WHO)估计,每年约有超过1亿人由于诺如病毒感染而发病并且疾病导致数万人死亡。由于缺乏特效药物,疫苗研发是防控诺如病毒暴发和流行的关键手段。虽然诺如病毒存在着基因多样性、难以体外培养、缺乏动物模型等问题,但近年来诺如病毒疫苗的研究不断改进,并且一系列临床研究的开展为今后的疫苗研发提供了重要基础。
Human Norovirus belongs to the genus Calicivirus and is the most common causative agent of viral gastroenteritis in the world. According to estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 100 million people are affected each year by Norovirus infections and the disease causes tens of thousands of deaths. Vaccine development is a key tool in preventing and controlling the outbreak and spread of norovirus because of the lack of specific medicines. Although Norovirus has genetic diversity, difficult in vitro culture and lack of animal models, the research of Norovirus vaccine has been continuously improved in recent years, and the development of a series of clinical studies has provided an important foundation for future vaccine development.