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Zintl化合物是以Edward Zintl命名的化合物,是一类由电正性的碱金属或碱土金属与电负性的13族或14族元素形成的特殊金属间化合物。其价键模式可以是离子键、金属键和共价键共存,其中的准金属可以共价键的形式形成各种形式的离子簇,因而其结构复杂多样。这类化合物的部分阴离子簇不仅具有稳定的笼状、层状和链状结构,并且具有特殊的光、电、磁等性能,使得在半导体、催化、电极材料等方面都有应用的前景和发展潜力。介绍了几个特殊Zintl化合物体系,盐湖丰产元素在Zintl化合物中的作用,指出了含有盐湖丰产元素的Zintl化合物的应用前景和方向。
Zintl compounds are compounds named after Edward Zintl, a class of special intermetallic compounds formed from electropositive alkali or alkaline earth metals and electronegative Group 13 or Group 14 elements. The valence bond mode can be an ionic bond, coexistent metal bonds and covalent bonds, in which the metalloid can form various forms of ion clusters in the form of covalent bonds, and thus its structure is complex and diverse. Part of anionic clusters of these compounds not only have stable cage, lamellar and chain structure, but also have special optical, electrical and magnetic properties, which make their application prospects and development in semiconductor, catalysis and electrode materials. potential. The effects of several special Zintl compounds, salt lake high yield elements on Zintl compounds are introduced. The application prospect and direction of Zintl compounds containing salt lake high yield elements are pointed out.