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缺碘主要影响神经系统的发育及其功能的建立。一般来说,克汀病的特征是聋哑,智力障碍以及典型的痉挛性神经运动失调。然而,仅克汀病一词不能解释因缺碘所致的所有神经病变,如在正常情况下,轻微的神经行为障碍不被看作是克汀病。众所周知,克汀病的神经系统损伤是不可逆的,但不排除与因缺碘所致的甲低有关的神经功能障碍的存在,这种异常表现在治疗后能够恢复。
Iodine deficiency mainly affects the development of the nervous system and its function. In general, cretinism is characterized by deafness, mental retardation and typical spastic neuromotor disorders. However, the term cretinism alone does not account for all neuropathies caused by iodine deficiency, as in normal conditions, mild neurobehavioral disorders are not considered cretinism. It is well known that the damage to nervous system of cretinism is irreversible but does not exclude the presence of neurological dysfunction associated with hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency, an abnormality that can be recovered after treatment.