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目的研究武汉地区女性HPV感染状况及其基因型分布。方法采用流式荧光杂交法检测在本院妇科就诊的1 095例女性的HPV宫颈脱落细胞标本,分析受检女性中HPV感染情况及基因型分布规律。结果在1 095例女性脱落细胞临床标本中,检出HPV阳性231例,总感染率为21.10%,检出HPV基因型24种,其中高危型有19种(比重88.31%),低危型有5种(比重11.69%)。在所有检出的HPV的基因型中16型、52型、58型感染率高,分别为21.71%、15.46%、9.21%。另外查出单一、双重、三重和四重亚型感染模式,其中单一亚型感染最多,比重高达76.62%,并且单一高危占绝大比例。不同年龄段女性随着年龄增长,HPV阳性率有增加的趋势,但经统计学检验差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.688,P>0.05)。HPV高危型16型、52型和58型在40~49岁年龄段阳性例数较多。结论武汉地区女性HPV感染并不少见,单一亚型感染居多,HPV高危型16、52和58亚型为优势感染基因亚型,且多集中在40~49岁年龄段。了解女性HPV感染者病毒基因型流行病学特征,对武汉地区女性宫颈疾病的筛查、治疗及HPV疫苗的研制等具有重要意义。
Objective To study the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in women in Wuhan. Methods Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the number of HPV cervical exfoliated cells from 1 095 women who were treated in our hospital. The prevalence of HPV infection and the distribution of genotypes were analyzed. Results Among the 1 095 cases of exfoliated cells in women, 231 were positive for HPV, the total infection rate was 21.10%. Twenty-four genotypes of HPV were detected, of which 19 were high-risk (88.31%), 5 kinds (the proportion of 11.69%). In all genotypes of HPV detected, the infection rates of type 16, type 52 and type 58 were 21.71%, 15.46% and 9.21% respectively. In addition, single, double, triple and quadruple subtypes were detected. Among them, single subtype infected the most, accounting for 76.62% of the total, with a single high risk accounting for the largest proportion. There was an increasing trend of HPV positive rate among women of different ages with age, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 5.688, P> 0.05). HPV high-risk type 16, 52 and 58 in the 40 to 49 age group positive number of cases more. Conclusion The HPV infection in women in Wuhan is not uncommon. The most common subtypes are HPV subtypes. HPV types 16, 52 and 58 are predominant subtypes, predominantly in the 40-49 age group. To understand the epidemiological characteristics of viral genotypes in women with HPV infection and to screen and treat female cervical diseases in Wuhan and to develop HPV vaccines is of great significance.