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采用溶胶-凝胶方法成功制备了陶瓷纤维掺杂的疏水SiO2气凝胶。陶瓷纤维在SiO2气凝胶中起骨架支撑的作用来提高气凝胶的机械性能。SiO2气凝胶的机械强度从没有掺杂纤维的1.6×104Pa提高到掺杂10%纤维的9.6×104Pa,且掺杂10%纤维的SiO2气凝胶常温常压的热导率仅为0.029W/(m·K)。掺杂SiO2气凝胶的疏水性通过表面修饰也得到了极大的提高。
Hydrophobic silica airgel doped with ceramic fiber was successfully prepared by sol-gel method. Ceramic fibers play the role of skeleton support in SiO2 aerogels to improve the mechanical properties of the aerogels. The mechanical strength of SiO2 aerogels increased from 1.6 × 10 4 Pa without doped fibers to 9.6 × 10 4 Pa doped with 10% fibers, and the thermal conductivity at room temperature and pressure of SiO2 aerogels doped with 10% fibers was only 0.029 W / (m · K). The hydrophobicity of doped aerogels has also been greatly improved by surface modification.