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目的了解大石桥市2008~2015年手足口病发病情况,为今后相关部门制定该病防治措施提供科学依据。方法利用国家疾病监测信息管理系统开展手足口病监测,采用描述性流行病学方法对大石桥市2008~2015年手足口病监测资料和部分患者病原学监测结果进行统计和分析,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对部分手足口病病例进行肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)核酸检测。结果 8年共发病4 800例,死亡2例,年均发病率为84.00/10万(4 800/5 714 506),病死率为0.04%(2/4 800)。2008~2015年发病率分别为14.90/10万(108/722 977)、113.60/10万(824/725 373)、171.00/10万(1235/722 372)、14.40/10万(104/720 324)、117.90/10万(846/717 447)、102.50/10万(721/703 647)、98.10/10万(690/703 045)、38.89/10万(272/699 321)(P<0.01)。结论大石桥市手足口病流行具有明显的季节性、人群性以及地区性,引起手足口病普通病例流行的病原体主要为EV71、CoxA16和其他肠道病毒,不同年份间流行优势株有所差异。
Objective To understand the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Dashiqiao City from 2008 to 2015 and to provide a scientific basis for the relevant departments to formulate the disease prevention and control measures in the future. Methods The national disease monitoring information management system was used to carry out hand foot and mouth disease surveillance. The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze and monitor the hand-foot-mouth disease monitoring data and some patients’ pathogeny monitoring results from 2008 to 2015 in Dashiqiao city. The fluorescence quantitative RT -PCR method for detecting enterovirus (EV) nucleic acid in some cases of HFMD. Results A total of 4 800 cases were found in 8 years and 2 died. The average annual incidence was 84.00 / 100000 (4 800/5 714 506) and the case fatality rate was 0.04% (2/4 800). The incidence rates in 2008-2015 were 14.90 / 100,000 (108/722 977), 113.60 / 100,000 (824/725 373), 171.00 / 100,000 (1235/722 372), 14.40 / 100000 (104/720 324 ), 117.90 / 100,000 (846/717 447), 102.50 / 100,000 (721/703 647), 98.10 / 100,000 (690/703 045), 38.89 / 100,000 (272/699 321) . Conclusion The prevalence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Dashiqiao city is obviously seasonal, crowdable and regional. The pathogens causing common cases of HFMD are mainly EV71, CoxA16 and other enteroviruses. There are differences in prevalence among dominant strains in different years.