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目的了解广州市人群流脑带菌状况及抗体水平,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。方法 2009-2011年每年均采用分层随机抽样方法,采集8个年龄组健康人群的咽拭子和血液标本进行脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌分离鉴定及C群抗体杀菌力试验。结果广州市2009-2011年健康人群平均带菌率为0.8%,菌群以B群为主,同时检出W135群。不同年龄组人群、不同性别人群带菌率差异均无统计学意义。C群抗体平均阳性率为39.1%,平均保护率为31.9%。各年龄组人群流脑抗体阳性率不同,3～岁组最高(59%),其次为5～岁组(54.9%),1～岁组最低(19.0%),各组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.69,P<0.05)。不同性别抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.26,P>0.05),已接种疫苗者与未接种疫苗者抗体水平差异有统计学意义(χ2=57.84,P<0.001)。结论广州市健康人群流脑带菌率低,要警惕B群引起的散发疫情。应提高人群尤其是3岁以下婴幼儿C群流脑抗体水平。
Objective To understand the status of streptococcal carriage and antibody levels in Guangzhou and provide basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods From 2009 to 2011, stratified random sampling method was used to collect throat swabs and blood samples of 8 age groups for Neisseria meningitidis isolates and C group antibody bactericidal test. Results In 2009-2011, the average carrying rate of healthy people in Guangzhou was 0.8%. Group B mainly belonged to W group. There was no significant difference in the carrier rates among different age groups and different sexes. The average positive rate of C group antibody was 39.1%, the average protection rate was 31.9%. The positive rates of meningococcal antibody were different in all age groups, with the highest in 3 ~ age group (59%), the next in 5 ~ age group (54.9%) and the lowest in 1 ~ age group (19.0% Significance (χ2 = 63.69, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of antibody between different sexes (χ2 = 1.26, P> 0.05). There was significant difference in antibody levels between vaccinated and unvaccinated (χ2 = 57.84, P <0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of streptococcal meningitis in healthy population in Guangzhou is low, so we should guard against the outbreak of epidemic caused by B group. Should raise the crowd, especially infants under 3 years old group C meningoencephalitis antibody levels.