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目的调查北京市军队干休所老年人的长期照护者院前防跌倒知识水平、态度与行为的现状。方法 2015年7-10月,便利抽样法选取北京市7所军队干休所中65岁及以上老年人的长期照护者(连续照护1年以上)2137名为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、院前防跌倒知识水平、态度与行为问卷对其进行调查,并分析结果。结果长期照护者院前防跌倒知识水平、态度、行为平均得分为(13.45士2.50)、(17.50±1.50)和(23.68±2.58)分;防跌倒知识水平和态度、态度和行为,均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。不同文化程度的照护者,其院前防跌倒知识水平、态度、行为得分的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。远房亲属、既往有培训经历的照护者对防跌倒知识水平、态度、行为得分高于外请家政人员和无培训经历者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。多元回归分析显示,影响照护者院前防跌倒知识水平、态度、行为得分的主要因素有文化程度、是否参加过培训、亲属/外请。结论相关机构应广泛开展院前防跌倒知识的普及和培训,特别是外请家政人员的安全防护意识培训。
Objective To investigate the status quo of the knowledge, attitude and behavior of long-term caregivers in Beijing’s military retirement homes. Methods From July to October 2015, 2137 long-term caregivers aged 65 years and older (more than one year of continuous care) from 7 military cadres in Beijing were selected as subjects by convenience sampling method. Using general information questionnaire, pre-hospital anti-fall knowledge, attitude and behavior questionnaire to investigate, and analyze the results. Results The long-term caregivers had an average score of (13.45 ± 2.50), (17.50 ± 1.50) and (23.68 ± 2.58) respectively in knowledge of prevention, prevention and treatment before falling asleep in hospital. The level of knowledge of anti-fall was positively correlated with attitudes, attitudes and behaviors (All P <0.05). Caregivers with different education levels had statistically significant differences in knowledge level, attitudes and behavior scores of preventive fall before hospitalization (all P <0.01). Relatives of distant relatives and former caregivers who had training experiences had statistically significant (P <0.01) in their level of knowledge on prevention of fall, their attitude and behavior scores were higher than that of domestic workers and no training experience. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting knowledge level, attitude and behavioral scores of caregivers before school were educational level, whether they participated in training, relatives or outsiders. Conclusion Relevant institutions should widely carry out the popularization and training of knowledge on prevention of falls before hospitalization, especially the safety protection awareness training of domestic workers.