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科学技术在日益发展，生物科学因此在学术界和实际生活中的研究应用也更加广泛。活性污泥技术就是基于生物科学，依照人们的主观意愿进行设计，让生物体间形成化学反应，从而针对性的处理掉对人和自然环境不利的生物体。活性污泥是一种好氧生物处理方法，其基本概念在 1912 年由英国的克拉克（Clark）和盖奇（Gage）提出。他们发现对污水长时间曝气会产生污泥，同时水质会得到明显的改善。文章首先介绍活性污泥技术在炼油污水处理中的运用，以及此项技术存在的问题及未来的研究方向进行分析思考。“,”Science and technology are increasingly developing and as a result the biological sciences are becoming more widely used in academic and practical research. Activated sludge technology is based on biological science and is designed according to people’s subjective wishes, allowing chemical reactions to form between organisms, thus targeting the disposal of organisms that are detrimental to people and the natural environment. Activated sludge is an aerobic biological treatment method, the basic concept of which was developed in 1912 by Clark and Gage in England. They found that prolonged aeration of wastewater produced sludge, while water quality was significantly improved. The article firstly introduces the use of activated sludge technology in refinery wastewater treatment, as well as the problems of this technology and future research directions for analysis and reflection.