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通过对油阀套零件的结构分析,初步制定了冷挤压工艺过程。运用Qform2D/3D软件对初始方案进行数值模拟,分析了零件成形过程中应力、应变状态,并观察材料填充情况。样品试制后发现成形挤压力过高,凸模折断。针对出现的问题对原方案中不合理的地方进行修改,设计了预先成形六角工艺方案,并依据滑移线场理论,采用图算法计算出挤压成形压力,再次进行数值模拟,结果显示,挤压力在模具许用应力范围内。同时,改用组合凸模结构、加强润滑措施来避免表面拉裂等缺陷。通过样品试制,验证了工艺改进方案合理可行,且试件尺寸精度满足技术要求。
Through the structural analysis of the valve sleeve parts, initially developed a cold extrusion process. The Qform2D / 3D software was used to simulate the initial scheme. The stress and strain state in the forming process was analyzed and the material filling was observed. Prototype sample after the test found that the extrusion pressure is too high, the punch broken. Aiming at the problems that occurred, the unreasonable place in the original plan was modified. The hexagonal preforming process was designed. According to the theory of slip line field, the extrusion pressure was calculated by graph algorithm and the numerical simulation was conducted again. The results showed that the squeezing Pressure in the mold allowable stress range. At the same time, switch to the combination of punch structure, and strengthen lubrication measures to avoid surface cracking and other defects. Through the sample trial, it is verified that the process improvement plan is reasonable and feasible, and the dimensional accuracy of the test piece meets the technical requirements.