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卵巢癌是女性生殖系统肿瘤中死亡率最高的肿瘤,其发生学和自然史仍未阐明。浆液性卵巢癌是最常见的卵巢恶性肿瘤,近年大量临床病理学和分子生物学研究提示,浆液性卵巢癌的发生存在二元论模型:低分级浆液性卵巢癌发生存在多步骤过程,有前体病变;高分级浆液性卵巢癌则直接起源于卵巢表面上皮或包涵囊肿,缺乏前体病变。不同分级浆液性卵巢癌存在不同的形态学和遗传学特征。二元论模型为今后研究上皮性卵巢癌发生机制提供了蓝图。
Ovarian cancer is the tumor with the highest mortality rate in female reproductive system tumors. Its occurrence and natural history have not been elucidated yet. Serous ovarian cancer is the most common malignant ovarian tumor. In recent years, a large number of clinical pathology and molecular biology studies have shown that there is a dualistic model for the occurrence of serous ovarian cancer: there are multiple steps in the pathogenesis of low-grade serous ovarian cancer, ; High-grade serous ovarian cancer is directly originated in the ovarian surface epithelial or enveloping cysts, the lack of precursor lesions. Different grades of serous ovarian cancer have different morphological and genetic characteristics. The dualism model provides a blueprint for the future study of the mechanism of epithelial ovarian cancer.