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对武钢3个铁矿10753名男性职工作了肺癌死亡的回顾性队列研究,测定了目前生产环境的粉尘、镍、镉、砷、氡及多环芳烃等的浓度,并对铁矿历史上的工业卫生资料作了总结分析。结果提示:赤铁矿(大冶铁矿)井下开采工中矽肺患者的肺癌死亡率超高,SMR=3.13(6/1.92)以1988年全国中小城市男性肺癌死亡率作参比,P<0.01。死亡率超高与是否接尘以及接尘水平无关。也不能用井下存在其他低水平致肺癌因子作解释。吸烟工人肺癌相对危险度大为升高,竟达13.71,但吸烟与接尘这2个因素对肺癌的作用是独立的。
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the death of 10,753 male workers from three iron mines in WISCO. The concentrations of dust, nickel, cadmium, arsenic, radon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the current production environment were determined. Industrial health information made a summary analysis. The results showed that the lung cancer mortality of silicosis patients in hematite (Daye iron mine) was extremely high, the SMR was 3.13 (6 / 1.92). The mortality rate of lung cancer in male middle and small cities in 1988 was used as reference, P <0.01 . The high mortality rate has nothing to do with whether the dust and dust level. It can not be explained by the presence of other low-level lung cancer factors in the well. The relative risk of smoking in lung cancer greatly increased, reaching as high as 13.71, but the two factors of smoking and dust exposure are independent of lung cancer.