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目的:了解已婚育龄妇女的卫生行为对生殖道感染的影响,为干预措施的开展提供科学依据。方法:采用整群分层的抽样方法,对上海市徐汇区4个街道60个居委会和2个困难企业共1631名已婚育龄妇女进行了问卷调查、实验室检测和妇科体查,并用SAS8.2进行统计分析。结果:1631名妇女中,滴虫性阴道炎、念珠菌阴道炎、细菌性阴道病、衣原体感染、淋病的患病率分别为3.04％、5.04％、1.52％、6.68％、0.12％。大多数妇女个人生活卫生习惯和性卫生行为良好,清洗外阴和洗澡频度不同的妇女内源性感染率差异具有统计学意义;同房前丈夫外生殖器清洗频度不同的妇女性传播感染率差异有统计学意义;而男用安全套对性传播感染具有预防作用。多因素Logisitic回归分析发现洗澡频度、同房前丈夫清洗外生殖器和结婚年龄为生殖道感染发生的主要影响因素。结论:应大力加强生殖道感染预防的健康教育,尤其是宣传避孕套有预防生殖道感染和避孕的双重作用,使她们积极采纳健康的个人行为,从而达到防治生殖道感染的目的。
Objective: To understand the impact of health behaviors of married women of childbearing age on reproductive tract infections, and to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of interventions. Methods: A total of 1631 married women of childbearing age from 60 neighborhood committees and 2 difficult enterprises in 4 streets in Xuhui District of Shanghai were investigated by questionnaires, laboratory tests and gynecological examinations using SAS8. 2 for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence rates of trichomonas vaginitis, candida vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, chlamydial infection and gonorrhea among the 1631 women were 3.04%, 5.04%, 1.52%, 6.68% and 0.12%, respectively. Most women had good personal health habits and sexual health behaviors, and there was significant difference in the rate of endogenous infection among women who had different times of cleaning the vulva and bathing. The difference in sexually transmitted infection rate among women with different frequency of genital washing Statistical significance; and male condoms have a preventive effect on sexually transmitted infections. Multivariate Logisitic regression analysis found that the frequency of taking a bath, the same husband before washing the external genitalia and the marriage age were the major influencing factors of genital tract infection. Conclusion: Health education should be strengthened to prevent reproductive tract infections. In particular, condoms should be promoted to prevent reproductive tract infections and contraception, so that they can actively adopt healthy individual behaviors so as to achieve the goal of preventing and treating reproductive tract infections.