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目的了解婚前医学检查中指定传染病的检出情况,为预防和控制传染性疾病提供依据。方法采用描述性统计学方法分析2007-2013年广州市越秀区免费婚前医学检查中指定传染病的检出情况。结果越秀区7年间婚检应检179 840人,参加检查81 896人,婚检率为45.54%;检出指定传染病537例,检出率为0.70%。其中,乙型肝炎检出率最高(0.51%),其余依次为梅毒(0.11%)、肺结核(0.06%)、HIV感染(0.01%)和尖锐湿疣(0.01%),未检出淋病。不同性别间除梅毒和尖锐湿疣外,其余4种传染病检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙型肝炎是婚前医学检查中检出率最高的传染病,建议将淋病检测方法由分泌物涂片改为分泌物培养,以提高淋病检出率,婚前医学检查可以减少传染性疾病的传播。
Objective To understand the pre-marital medical examination specified infectious disease detection, prevention and control of infectious diseases provide the basis. Methods Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the detection of the designated infectious diseases in pre-marital medical examination in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City during 2007-2013. Results During the seven years of Yuexiu District, 179,840 people should be examined by premarital examination, 81,896 people participated in the examination, and the rate of premarital examination was 45.54%. 537 cases of designated infectious diseases were detected, the detection rate was 0.70%. Among them, the highest detection rate was hepatitis B (0.51%), followed by syphilis (0.11%), tuberculosis (0.06%), HIV infection (0.01%) and condyloma acuminata (0.01%). There were significant differences in the detection rates of the four other infectious diseases except syphilis and genital warts among different genders (P <0.05). Conclusion Hepatitis B is the most frequently detected infectious disease in premarital medical examination. It is suggested to change the gonorrhea detection method from secretions smear to secretions so as to improve the detection rate of gonorrhea. Premarital medical examination can reduce the spread of infectious diseases .