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将制备的4种植物基多孔碳,甘蔗渣炭(SBC)、竹叶炭(BLC)、稻壳炭(RHC)及竹茎炭(BSC),以及购置的椰壳炭(CSC)、果壳炭(NSC)、碳纳米管(CNTs)及可膨胀石墨(EG)分别与聚磷酸铵(APP)复合用于阻燃环氧树脂(EP),研究了碳材料比表面积、表面活性及微观形貌对APP阻燃EP燃烧和热解行为的影响.物理吸附仪、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、扫描电镜研究指出,颗粒状竹茎多孔碳(BSC)的比表面积(2063m2/g)及表面活性基团C—O—、C≡O及COO—的比例显著大于其他碳材料;各种碳材料均以微米级尺度分布于阻燃EP基体.氧指数(LOI)、UL 94垂直燃烧及锥形量热仪研究表明,0.8 wt%BSC或CNTs与3.1 wt%APP协同阻燃EP的LOI分别由EP的24.6%提高到27.3%和27.6%,UL 94均为V-1级,峰值热释放速率分别比EP/APP降低了27%和28%.碳材料的协同阻燃效果主要取决于微观形貌;对于颗粒状多孔碳,其比表面积、O/C比及表面活性基团比例越大,协同阻燃效果越好.热失重分析、共聚焦拉曼光谱及XPS研究证实,碳材料提高了EP/APP复合材料的初始分解温度和残炭量;大的比表面及表面活性,以及管状形貌能够提高环氧树脂复合材料高温残炭量、促进残炭类石墨化转变、改善残炭耐高温氧化性能.
Four kinds of plant-based porous carbon, SBC, BLC, BSC and purchased CSC, Carbon monoxide (NSC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and expandable graphite (EG) were respectively used in fire retardant epoxy resin (EP) with ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The effects of specific surface area, surface activity and microstructure The effect of morphology on the combustion and pyrolysis behavior of APP flame retardant EP was studied by XPS and XPS.The results showed that the specific surface area (2063m2 / g) of granular bamboo carbon (BSC) And the proportion of surface active groups C-O-, C≡O and COO- is significantly greater than other carbon materials; various carbon materials are distributed on the micron scale flame retardant EP matrix Oxygen index (LOI), UL 94 Vertical combustion And cone calorimeter showed that the LOIs of synergistic flame-retardant EP with 0.8 wt% BSC or CNTs and 3.1 wt% APP increased from 24.6% to 27.3% and 27.6% of EP, UL 94 were all V-1 and peak The heat release rates were reduced by 27% and 28%, respectively, compared with EP / APP. The synergistic flame retardant effect of the carbon materials mainly depends on the microscopic morphology. For the particulate porous carbon, its specific surface area, O / C ratio and surface active group ratio More , Synergistic flame retardant effect is better.The TG, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and XPS confirm that the carbon materials increase the initial decomposition temperature and residual carbon content of EP / APP composites, large specific surface area and surface activity, Morphology can improve the high temperature residual carbon content of epoxy resin composites, to promote graphitization of carbon residue, and to improve the high temperature oxidation resistance of carbon residue.