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机体对艾滋病病毒(HIV)的易感性及病程进展,受宿主基因、病毒进化和环境等多种因素影响。抗HIV感染免疫与多种宿主基因的免疫遗传学因素有关,趋化因子辅助受体和配体、人类白细胞抗原、细胞因子等的基因多态性能直接或间接的影响HIV进入、免疫识别和抗原呈递,及固有和适应性免疫反应,对研制有效疫苗和免疫治疗方法具有重要意义。文章对影响HIV感染和病程进展的免疫遗传学相关基因进行综述。
The body’s susceptibility to HIV and its progression are affected by many factors, including host genes, virus evolution and the environment. Immunity against HIV infection is linked to the immunological genetic factors of a variety of host genes. The genetic polymorphisms of chemokine-assisted receptors and ligands, human leukocyte antigens, and cytokines may directly or indirectly affect HIV entry, immune recognition, and antigen Presentation, and innate and adaptive immune response, the development of effective vaccines and immunotherapy methods is of great significance. The article reviews the genes related to immune genetics that affect HIV infection and progression.