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据国家气象局监测分析,“拉尼娜”已在赤道中、东太平洋完全建立,11月～12月将达到盛期,且可能持续到明年年初。“拉尼娜”是指赤道中东太平洋海表温度持续6个月以上低于多年平均值0.5℃的状态。为应对“拉尼娜”对小麦生产的影响,必须加强冬前与冬季麦田管理,培育冬前壮苗,防治小麦冬季冻害,确保小麦安全越冬,为夺取明年夏粮小麦丰收奠定基础。小麦发生冬季冻害的原因冬季冻害是小麦进入冬季后至越冬期间由于寒潮降温引起的冻害。寒潮冻害程度又受3个因素制约:一是极端最低温度,二是低温持续时间,三是冷暖骤变的剧烈程度。
According to the monitoring and analysis conducted by the National Meteorological Bureau, “La Nina ” has been fully established in the equatorial and eastern Pacific, and will reach its peak from November to December and may continue till early next year. “La Nina ” refers to the state of the equatorial Central and East Pacific sea surface temperature below 6 months and below the 0.5-year average of 0.5. In order to deal with the impact of “La Nina” on wheat production, we must strengthen the management of winter wheat field and winter wheat field, cultivate the strong seedlings before winter and prevent winter frost damage in wheat so as to ensure the safety of winter wheat and lay the foundation for the harvest of next summer grain wheat harvest. Reasons for winter frost damage in wheat Winter frost damage is the frost damage caused by cold spell after wheat enters the winter and overwinters. Degree of frost damage is affected by three factors: one is the extreme minimum temperature, the second is the duration of low temperature, the third is the degree of sudden changes in temperature.