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1884年,英国制成第一台船用海水淡化器,以解决远洋航运的饮水问题。本世纪五十年代,随着电渗析与反渗透等淡化技术的发展,苦咸水面积较大的美国(苦咸水占国土面积的三分之一)、荷兰等国,相继把淡化技术由海上推广到陆地。中东石油工业的迅速发展,又给海水淡化创造了有利条件,干旱缺水的科威特、沙特阿拉伯、埃及和以色列等国利用廉价石油蒸馏海水,解决了本国严重缺水问题。于是几年之中,中东地区淡化水产量即达到美
In 1884, the United Kingdom made the first marine desalinator to solve the water problem of ocean shipping. In the 1950s, with the development of desalination technologies such as electrodialysis and reverse osmosis, the United States (bitter water and brackish water accounted for one-third of the country’s total land area), the Netherlands and other countries with large brackish water areas successively used desalination technologies. Promote to land on the sea. The rapid development of the oil industry in the Middle East has also created favorable conditions for seawater desalination. Countries such as Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Israel, which are drought-ridden, have used low-cost oil to distill seawater and solved serious domestic water shortages. So in a few years, the desalination of water in the Middle East has reached the US