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目的了解广州市城区小学生主要静态行为现状及其与运动素质水平关系,为增强小学生体质健康水平提供科学依据。方法使用2014年广州地区儿童肥胖影响因素及预防控制措施研究调查数据,对广州市城区2 859名小学生(男生1 551名,女生1 308名)的静态行为及运动素质进行分析。结果广州市城区小学生上学静态行为时间为(7.39±3.15)h/d。不论是上学日或周末,小学生写作业≥2 h/d的比例为22.4%。上学日小学生视屏行为≥2 h/d的比例为17.7%,周末小学生视屏行为≥2 h/d的比例为33.6%。经多因素分析,在控制性别、年龄、身体活动、膳食行为及青春期发育因素的影响后,与写作业<2 h/d小学生相比,写作业≥2 h/d的小学生高运动素质水平(6 min跑、立定跳远)明显下降(OR值分别为0.80,0.77,P值均<0.05);与上学日视屏行为<2 h/d小学生相比,上学日视屏行为≥2 h/d的小学生高运动素质水平(6 min跑、立定跳远)明显下降(OR值分别为0.68,0.73,P值均<0.05)。结论上学日或周末写作业和上学日视屏行为与广州市城区小学生运动素质下降存在相关关系。
Objective To understand the status quo of primary static behavior of pupils in Guangzhou urban area and its relationship with sports quality, and to provide a scientific basis for enhancing primary school students’ physical health. Methods Based on the survey data of influencing factors of childhood obesity and prevention and control measures in Guangzhou in 2014, the static behavior and exercise quality of 2 859 pupils (1 551 boys and 1 308 girls) in Guangzhou urban area were analyzed. Results The static behavior time of primary schoolchildren in Guangzhou city was (7.39 ± 3.15) h / d. No matter on school days or weekends, the proportion of pupils writing homework ≥ 2 h / d is 22.4%. School pupils on the school-day screen behavior ≥ 2 h / d ratio was 17.7%, weekend pupils screen behavior ≥ 2 h / d ratio was 33.6%. After multivariate analysis, the effect of controlling gender, age, physical activity, dietary behavior and adolescent developmental factors was significantly higher than that of primary school students who wrote homework for less than 2 hours / h 6-min running and standing long jump) decreased significantly (OR = 0.80, 0.77, P <0.05 respectively). Compared with the pupils whose screenings were less than 2 h / d on school days, High exercise quality (6 min running, standing long jump) decreased significantly (OR = 0.68, 0.73, P <0.05 respectively). Conclusion There is a correlation between the screenings of homework and school days on the first school day or the weekend and the decline of the sports quality of pupils in Guangzhou urban area.