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本文用小流域平行对比观测法，分析了黄土高原沟壑区典型小流域水土保持对流域地表径流量及暴雨产流过程的影响，表明：（１）在黄土高原沟壑区，水土流失综合治理减少小流域产洪次数，降低了流域地表径流模数和径流系数，尤其以少雨年最显著；（２）使小流域地表径流模数的年际变率增大；（３）在洪水产理措施区土壤水分含量降低，根据生物气候、土壤及区域拦蓄水量特征，推测黄土高原沟壑区，以造林为主的水土保持措施拦蓄径流的作用难以使地表径流转化为地下径流或增加地下水。
This paper analyzes the effects of soil and water conservation on the runoff and storm runoff in a typical small watershed in the gully region of the Loess Plateau. The results show that: (1) the comprehensive control of soil and water erosion in the gully area of the Loess Plateau decreases little The number of flood discharge in the basin reduced the runoff modulus and runoff coefficient of the river basin, especially in the rainy year. (2) The interannual variability of surface runoff modulus in small watershed increased. (3) In the flood control measures area Soil moisture content is reduced. According to the characteristics of bioclimate, soil and regional water storage capacity, it is inferred that the runoff-retaining effect of soil and water conservation measures based on afforestation in the Loess Plateau is hard to make surface runoff turn into underground runoff or increase groundwater.