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Background:The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of dietary tributyrin on intestinal mucosa development,oxidative stress,mitochondrial function and AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.Methods:Seventy-two pigs were divided into two treatments and received either a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 750 mg/kg tributyrin.Each treatment has six replicates of six pigs.After 14 days,6 pigs from each treatment were selected and the jejunal samples were collected.Results:Results showed that supplemental tributyrin increased (P ＜ 0.05) villus height and villus height:crypt depth of weaned pigs.Pigs fed tributyrin had greater (P ＜ 0.05) RNA/DNA and protein/DNA ratios than pigs on the control group.The mRNA levels of sodium glucose transport protein-1 and glucose transporter-2 in the jejunum were upregulated (P ＜ 0.05) in pigs fed the tributyrin diet.Dietary tributyrin supplementation lowered (P ＜ 0.05) the malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in jejunum,enhanced (P ＜ 0.05) the mitochondrial function,as demonstrated by decreased (P ＜ 0.05) reactive oxygen species level and increased (P ＜ 0.05) mitochondrial membrane potential.Furthermore,tributyrin increased (P ＜ 0.05) mitochondrial DNA content and the mRNA abundance of genes related to mitochondrial functions,including peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-y coactivator-1 α,mitochondrial transcription factor A,nuclear respiratory factor-1 in the jejunum.Supplementation with tributyrin elevated (P ＜ 0.05) the phosphorylation level of AMPK and inhibited (P ＜ 0.05) the phosphorylation level of mTOR in jejunum compared with the control group.Conclusions:These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with tributyrin promotes intestinal mucosa growth,extenuates oxidative stress,improves mitochondrial function and modulates the AMPK-mTOR signal pathway of weaned pigs.