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高中二年级要讲的阿佛加德罗定律,是比较难讲的一课,在教材上,对这个定律的讲法,首先是说明任何一定体积的气体中所含有的分子数,不决定于分子的大小,而决定于分子的距离。继续说明在温度与压力相同的情况下各种气体分子间有相等的平均距离。从而得出“同体积的任何气体,在相同状况下,含有相同数的分子”的结论。这种讲法有它的好处,避免用公式推导。同时,因为高中化学上讲阿佛加德罗定律主要是为了对此定律的应用而不是推导证明,所以教材上这样处理是有它的理由的。但是,对于高中二年级的学生来说,这种讲法是不能满足他们的要求的,他们必然会问:怎样知道在相同状况下各种气体的分子间有相等的平均距离呢?这个问题如不予解答,则必然会使学生不能相信这一定律的正确性,同时,只是这样生硬的交待,思想性也是不强的。去年我讲到这个定律时,以推理的方法使学生认识阿佛加德罗定律的正确性,现在我介绍出来与同志们讨论。
The second year of high school to tell Avogadro’s law is more difficult to say a lesson in teaching materials, the law of the argument, first of all is to explain any volume of gas contained in the number of molecules does not depend on the molecules The size depends on the distance of the molecule. Continue to show that at the same temperature and pressure, there is an equal average distance between gas molecules. This leads to the conclusion that “any gas of the same volume, containing the same number of molecules under the same conditions”. This argument has its benefits, to avoid formula derivation. In the meantime, because the teaching of Avogadro’s law in high school chemistry is mainly for the application of this law rather than the proof, it is justified in textbooks. However, for the second year of high school, this kind of speech can not meet their demands. They must ask: How to know that there is an equal average distance between molecules of various gases in the same situation? To answer, it is bound to make students can not believe the correctness of this law, at the same time, just so hard to explain, ideological is not strong. When I talked about this law last year, using reasoning to enable students to understand the correctness of the Aventogha-Lo law, I now introduce myself to discuss with my comrades.