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大豆蚜Aphis glycines Matsumura是为害大豆(Glycine max)的重要害虫,已给我国大豆生产造成了较为严重的经济损失。本研究通过测定大豆蚜危害胁迫后大豆叶片可溶性蛋白、非可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量及2种防御性酶——过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的动态变化,探讨大豆蚜危害胁迫对大豆叶片几个重要生理指标的影响。研究结果表明,受到大豆蚜危害胁迫的大豆叶片与未受为害叶片中所含可溶性蛋白含量存在极显著差异(t0.01=11.814,df=4,P<0.01),且前者较后者含量明显增高1.73mg·g-1。与之相比较,非可溶性蛋白与可溶性糖含量分别在此两处理间无显著差异(t0.05=-1.104,df=4,P>0.05;t0.05=-2.639,df=4,P>0.05)。此外,受到大豆蚜危害胁迫的大豆叶片较未受为害叶片中所含POD活性有所升高,但在两处理间POD活性无显著差异(t=-2.639,df=4,P>0.05)。同时,受到大豆蚜危害的大豆叶片较未受为害的大豆叶片中CAT活性增强。本研究有助于揭示大豆蚜对大豆的危害机理,评价不同大豆品种对大豆蚜虫危害的耐受程度,也为大豆抗虫品种选育以及大豆蚜的可持续控制提供理论依据。
Soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura is an important pest of soybean (Glycine max), which has caused serious economic losses to soybean production in our country. In this study, the dynamic changes of soluble protein, non-soluble protein, soluble sugar, and activities of two defensive enzymes-peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) Effects of Aphids Damage on Soybean Leaves in Several Important Physiological Indexes. The results showed that there was a significant difference (t0.01 = 11.814, df = 4, P <0.01) between the content of soluble protein and the content of soluble protein in soybean leaves, Increased 1.73mg · g-1. In contrast, the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar had no significant difference between the two treatments (t0.05 = -1.104, df = 4, P> 0.05; t0.05 = -2.639, df = 4, P> 0.05). In addition, the leaf aphid affected by soybean aphid could increase the activity of POD, but there was no significant difference in POD activity between the two treatments (t = -2.639, df = 4, P> 0.05). At the same time, soybean leaves harmed by soybean aphid were more active in CAT than uninfected soybean leaves. This study is helpful to reveal the mechanism of soybean aphid infestation and evaluate the tolerance of different soybean varieties to soybean aphid, and also provide the theoretical basis for the selection of soybean resistant insects and the sustainable control of soybean aphid.