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目的了解毫州市3 257例学龄前儿童静脉血钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)以及铅(Pb)水平,为学龄前儿童保健预防和临床药物治疗提供依据。方法采用原子吸收光谱法检测6种微量元素,用SPSS17.0软件按1、2、3、4、5、6岁6个年龄组及男、女性别组进行资料收集、整理和统计。结果毫州市学龄前儿童均值总体在参考值范围内,Pb水平在不同年龄组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余5种元素比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Zn、Fe水平随年龄增长有升高趋势,Ca水平随年龄增长有降低趋势,Cu、Mg在各年龄组水平波动。Zn、Mg和Pb水平在不同性别组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Cu、Ca和Fe水平在不同性别组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Zn、Cu、Ca、Mg、Fe缺乏率分别为19.31%、1.29%、11.54%、0.09%、13.54%,其中Zn缺乏率最高,尤其是5岁(45.20%)和6岁(45.21%)阶段儿童;各年龄组儿童Mg、Pb异常率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Zn、Cu、Ca、Fe缺乏率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别组间微量元素差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论毫州市学龄前儿童微量元素缺乏较普遍,儿童Pb中毒现状不容忽视,应加强儿童预防保健。
Objective To understand the levels of Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu and Pb in 3 257 preschool children in the city of Muzhou, And clinical drug treatment to provide the basis. Methods Six kinds of trace elements were detected by atomic absorption spectrometry. Data were collected, sorted and counted by SPSS17.0 software in 6 age groups of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years old and male and female groups. Results There was no significant difference in Pb level between preschool children in Bozhou and other age groups (P> 0.05). The other five elements had significant difference (P <0.05). The levels of Zn and Fe tended to increase with the increase of age. The Ca levels tended to decrease with age, while Cu and Mg fluctuated at all age groups. The levels of Zn, Mg and Pb were not significantly different among different sex groups (P> 0.05). The levels of Cu, Ca and Fe in different gender groups were significantly different (P <0.05). The deficit rates of Zn, Cu, Ca, Mg and Fe were 19.31%, 1.29%, 11.54%, 0.09% and 13.54% respectively, of which the Zn deficiency rate was the highest, especially at the age of 5 years (45.20%) and the age of 6 years (45.21%) There was no significant difference in the abnormal rates of Mg and Pb between children of all ages (P> 0.05). The differences of the rates of Zn, Cu, Ca and Fe were statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the trace elements between different sex groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is a lack of trace elements in pre-school children in Bozhou City. The current status of Pb poisoning in children should not be neglected. Preventive care should be strengthened in children.