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推行阶梯电价政策是减少居民电价交叉补贴和实现精准补贴的主要手段和途径。本文首先根据合理性理论研究发现,普遍服务和电力消费环境成本内部化是交叉补贴合理存在的理由,也是通过阶梯定价,改善交叉补贴现状的合理性目标确定的重要依据;其次,以天津市为例进行测评,发现现有阶梯电价政策因分档电量大、分档价差小,从而对减少交叉补贴的影响程度有限;最后给出了合理性目标下的分档电量和分档价格的定价方式。研究结论与给出的定价方式对于输配电价改革下,妥善处理交叉补贴问题的政策制定具有重要启示。
The implementation of the price ladder policy is to reduce the residents of electricity cross subsidies and the realization of precise subsidies the main means and ways. Based on the theory of rationality, this paper finds out that the internalization of universal service and environmental costs of electricity consumption is the reason for the existence of cross-subsidization and an important basis for determining the rationality of cross-subsidization status through step pricing. Secondly, For example, it is found that the existing pricing policy of ladder electricity has a limited impact on reducing cross-subsidization due to the large power consumption of sub-tranches and the small spread of sub-tranches. Lastly, a pricing method for sub-tranche of electricity price and sub-tranche price under the rationality target is given . The conclusion of the research and the pricing method given are of great significance to the policy making of cross subsidy under the reform of transmission and distribution price.