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目的：分析在肝细胞肝癌（HCC）和肝硬变组织中P21WAF1与P53，PCNA表达之间的关系．方法：用免疫组织化学的方法分别检测了102例HCC和肝硬变组织中上述三种蛋白的表达，并用免疫组化双标记的方法同时检测了P21WAF1和P53，P21WAF1和PCNA的分布．结果：38例肝硬变组织中，均为P53阴性而P21WAF1阳性或弱阳性．64例HCC组织中，P21WAF1阳性、弱阳性和阴性分别占P53阳性组的0，21．1％和78．9％；占P53阴性组的46．7％，24．4％和28．9％．31例肝硬变组织中，P21WAF1阳性、弱阳性组织平均PCNA阳性细胞百分率分别为14％和30％．56例HCC组织中，P21WAF1阳性、弱阳性和阴性组织平均PCNA阳性细胞百分率分别为16％，39％和49％．免疫组化双标记证实了P53阳性的肝癌组织P21WAF1阴性，而癌旁则恰恰相反；未见P21WAF1与PCNA之间有明确的定位关系．结论：HCC中，P53的异常改变是引起P21WAF1表达减弱或消失的主要原因之一；P21WAF1可以抑制肝细胞和HCC细胞的增殖活性．
Objective: To analyze the relationship between the expression of P21WAF1, P53 and PCNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhotic tissues. Methods: The expressions of the above three proteins were detected in 102 cases of HCC and cirrhosis by immunohistochemistry. The distributions of P21WAF1, P53, P21WAF1 and PCNA were detected simultaneously by immunohistochemical double labeling method. Results: Among 38 cases of cirrhosis, P53 was negative and P21WAF1 was positive or weakly positive. Among 64 HCC tissues, P21WAF1 positive, weak positive and negative accounted for 0, 21.1% and 78.9% respectively of P53 positive group, 46.7%, 24.4% and 28.9% of P53 negative group, . In 31 cases of cirrhosis, the average percentage of PCNA positive cells in P21WAF1 positive and weak positive tissues was 14% and 30%, respectively. The average percentage of PCNA positive cells in P21WAF1 positive, weakly positive and negative tissues was 16%, 39% and 49% respectively in 56 cases of HCC. Immunohistochemical double-labeling confirmed that P53-positive hepatocellular carcinoma tissue P21WAF1 negative, while the cancer side is exactly the opposite; no clear positioning relationship between P21WAF1 and PCNA. Conclusion: The abnormal changes of P53 in HCC are one of the main reasons that lead to the decrease or disappearance of P21WAF1 expression. P21WAF1 can inhibit the proliferation of hepatocytes and HCC cells.