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肾脏生理学的实验性研究,在我国一向是一个空白领域,即使尿成份的分析这一类调查性工作也很罕见。据我了解,1912年曾有一位教会医生Whyte报告他在广东汕头分析过居民的尿成份。随后,1923年和1928年黄新彦先后调查过北京工人和香港大学的华南学生的尿氮排泄量。新中国成立后,在五十年代中期至六十年代中期,才有几组临床医师测定我国正常人的肾清除率,并初步应用于临床。与此同时及以后,有几组工作者报告过针刺穴位对人体和实验动物的排尿效应,尽管对各种效应的机制尚未深入研究;但已肯定了体表的刺激可以影响肾脏的泌尿活动。在十年浩劫中,国内生理学研究,除关于痛觉与镇痛的机制研究因和针麻原理研究有关而获得一定发展外,其余各方面的生理学研究都受到严重的摧残而难以进行。“四人帮”被粉碎后,特别是经过1978年的全国科学大会和党的十一届三中全会,由于党在指导思想上的拨乱反正,于是在全国范围内得以从阶级斗争为纲而转到以实现四个现代化为中心的社会主义建设轨道上来。举国安定团结,知识开始受到重视,知识分子政策得到落实,科学界的百家争鸣方针得以认真贯彻。国家号召在加强应用科学研究的同时也要重视基础理论的研究。从此,生理学的研究领域能够逐步扩展,开始摆脱长期限于某几方面的偏颇局面。
The experimental study of renal physiology has always been a blank area in our country, even if the investigation of urinary composition is very rare. As far as I know, in 1912, one of the church doctors Whyte reported that he analyzed the urine composition of residents in Shantou, Guangdong. Subsequently, in 1923 and 1928, Huang Xinyan investigated the urinary nitrogen excretion of workers in Beijing and South China students at Hong Kong University. After the founding of New China, in the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s, only a few groups of clinicians to determine the normal renal clearance rate in our country, and initially applied to clinical. At the same time and afterwards, several groups of workers have reported urinary effects of acupuncture points on human and laboratory animals, although the mechanisms of various effects have not yet been studied in depth; however, it has been established that body surface stimulation can affect renal urinary activity . In the 10 years of catastrophe, the domestic physiology research, in addition to the mechanism of pain and analgesia research and acupuncture anesthesia related to research and get some development, the rest of the physiological studies have been severely damaged and difficult to carry out. After the “Gang of Four” was smashed, especially after the 1978 National Science Conference and the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, as the party’s rectification of the guiding ideology was reversed, the entire country was able to shift from class struggle to Realize the four modernizations as the center of the socialist construction track. In order to bring stability and unity to the entire country, knowledge has begun to be taken seriously and the policies of the intellectuals have been implemented. The policy of one hundred schools of thought in the scientific community has been earnestly implemented. National call to strengthen the application of scientific research should also attach importance to the study of basic theory. Since then, the field of physiology can be gradually expanded to begin to get rid of biased aspects confined to a long time.