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在多年的工作实践中和某些报刊的文章中 ,我们发现有些同志在对民族区域自治法本身的理解上存在着模糊认识。因而 ,有必要对民族区域自治法的一些基本原则进行再认识。①我们常说的民族自治地方既有“民族”又有“地方” ,因此既不能只说“民族自治” ,也不能只说“地方自治”。②宪法和民族区域自治法明确规定由自治机关行使自治权 ,而不是由一两个民族行使自治权。③只有全国人大和全国人大常委会制定的才是国家法律。只有省一级人大及其常委会或较大的市的人大及其常委会制定的才是地方性法规。“尊重”和“保障”自治权 ,并不说明自治地方的自治法规可以规范和约束上级国家机关 ,如果那样 ,就颠倒了中央与地方的关系。④自治条例的全面性、综合性就决定了它只能是代表全自治地方各族人民共同利益的法律文件
In many years of work practice and in some newspapers and periodicals, we find that some comrades have vague understanding of the law of autonomy of regional nationalities. Therefore, it is necessary to re-understand some basic principles of the law of regional autonomy. (1) As we often say, the national autonomous areas have both “nationalities” and “places,” so they can neither talk about “national autonomy” nor “local autonomy.” (2) The Constitution and the Law of Regional Autonomy of Ethnic Minorities clearly stipulate the exercise of autonomy by the organs of self-government rather than the exercise of the autonomy by one or two ethnic groups. ③ Only the National People’s Congress and the NPC Standing Committee have formulated the national law. Only the provincial people’s congress, its standing committee or the NPC of the larger city and its standing committee have formulated local laws and regulations. “Respecting and safeguarding” the autonomy does not mean that the autonomy laws and regulations in autonomous areas can regulate and bind the higher state organs, and if so, reverse the relations between the central and local governments. (4) The comprehensiveness and comprehensiveness of the autonomous regulations determine that it can only be a legal document that represents the common interests of people of all nationalities in autonomous areas