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科学通过二种途径对文化格局发生作用:1.由技术这一环节物化为供人体验、使用的器物,形成文化的表现结构;2.以科学特有的精神气质达到对人的内在人格的规定。科学精神包括:怀疑精神、求实精神、探索精神、创造精神。科学精神作用于主体的方式有二:1.以某种严格的程式或方法来规范人的行为;2.内化为一种人格,构成主体认知图式的要素和行为规范的基础。这两种方式互补,以第二种为主导。中国传统文化的科学观一直在器物和手段这个层次上理解科学,忽视了科学的精神职能的作用。目前,科学精神在我国面临着若干困扰,科学学对此应进行研究和探讨。
Science plays a role in the cultural pattern through two ways: (1) materializing this part of technology into artifacts for human experience and use, and forming a cultural expression structure; (2) stipulating the inner personality of a person with a science-specific mental attitude . Scientific spirit includes: skepticism, truth-seeking spirit, exploration spirit, and spirit creation. There are two ways in which the scientific spirit acts on the subject: 1. To regulate the behavior of the person with some strict program or method; 2. To internalize into a personality that forms the basis of the elements and norms of the subject's cognitive schema. The two methods complement each other with the second one being the dominant one. The scientific view of Chinese traditional culture has always been to understand science at the level of objects and means and to ignore the role of the spiritual function of science. At present, the scientific spirit is facing a number of troubles in our country, and science should be studied and discussed.