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目的调查北京市密云区6~14岁儿童青少年肥胖及相关代谢异常情况,为改善学生营养健康状况,保障儿童健康成长提供指导。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样法,抽取本地区6~14岁中小学生558人作为研究对象进行问卷调查,测定身高、体重、腰围、血糖、血脂等,计算BMI指数,分析肥胖及代谢异常情况。结果本地区558名中小学生检出肥胖110名,肥胖检出率为19.7%。一年级学生肥胖检出率最高,达到26.7%,且男童多于女童;肥胖儿童血脂的异常检出率为34.5%,远高于正常儿童;腰围水平不仅与血清甘油三酯水平呈显著正相关,也与血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈显著负相关,且差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超重与肥胖儿童每日膳食能量、脂肪的摄取量超标率远远高于正常儿童。结论密云区中小学生肥胖发生率较高,肥胖儿童与脂类代谢异常相关性大,应进行综合干预,制定营养改善策略。
Objective To investigate the obesity and related metabolic abnormalities among adolescents aged 6 ~ 14 in Miyun District, Beijing, in order to provide guidance for improving students’ nutrition and health status and ensuring the healthy growth of children. Methods A stratified and multistage cluster random sampling method was used to collect 558 primary and secondary school students aged 6-14 years in our country as subjects. The height, body weight, waist circumference, blood glucose and blood lipids were measured and the BMI index was calculated to analyze the obesity and metabolism abnormal situation. Results 558 primary and middle school students in this area detected 110 obese people, the detection rate of obesity was 19.7%. The first grade students had the highest detection rate of obesity, reaching 26.7%, and there were more boys than girls. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in obese children was 34.5%, much higher than that of normal children. The waistline was not only significantly positive with serum triglyceride Related, but also with serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly negatively correlated, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Overweight and obese children daily dietary energy, fat intake exceeded rate is much higher than normal children. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity in primary and secondary school students in Miyun is relatively high. Obese children have a great correlation with abnormal lipid metabolism. Comprehensive interventions should be made to develop strategies for improving nutrition.