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目的:了解重庆市老年人群糖尿病(DM)和糖耐量低减(IGT)的患病情况及其主要患病风险因素,为城市社区人群制定适宜的预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用整群分层抽样方法,对60岁以上1 791例自然人群进行了横断面调查。结果:DM患病率14.45%,IGT患病率21.70%,随着年龄增加,DM和IGT患病率亦逐渐升高。超重者(BMI≥25)DM和IGT患病率为17.51%和28.02%,肥胖者(BMI≥30)DM和IGT患病率为21.43%和37.14%,按腰臀比(WHR)划分,向心性肥胖者DM和IGT患病率为17.45%和25.09%。影响DM患病风险的因素主要有:DM家族史、BMI、WHR、高收缩压、高甘油三酯。结论:在社区人群中,倡导健康合理的膳食习惯、控制血压、体重是降低糖尿病发生的重要措施,老年人是DM防治工作的主要对象。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and the main risk factors in elderly population in Chongqing, and to provide a scientific basis for making appropriate prevention and intervention measures for urban community population. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the cross-sectional survey of 1 791 people over 60 years of age. Results: The prevalence of DM was 14.45% and the prevalence of IGT was 21.70%. The prevalence of DM and IGT increased with age. The prevalence rates of DM and IGT were 17.51% and 28.02% in overweight (BMI≥25) and 21.43% and 37.14% in obese subjects (BMI≥30). According to WHR, The prevalence of DM and IGT in obese people was 17.45% and 25.09% respectively. Factors affecting the risk of DM are: DM family history, BMI, WHR, high systolic blood pressure, high triglycerides. Conclusion: Advocating healthy and reasonable dietary habits, controlling blood pressure and body weight is an important measure to reduce the incidence of diabetes among the community population. The elderly are the main targets of DM prevention and control.