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2016年以来,关于产业政策的讨论引人注目。讨论最先由林毅夫教授和张维迎教授发起,前者认为,政府应该因势利导,推出符合比较优势的产业政策,促进本国经济发展。后者认为,产业政策通常是无效的,甚至是有害的,政府不要好心办坏事。换言之,林教授认为政府应有所作为,张教授认为政府应无为而治。关于产业政策的争论,可以概括为两个问题,即产业政策的有效性和必要性。如果有效,则需要产业政策;如果无效,则不需要产业政策。
Since 2016, discussions on industrial policies have drawn attention. The discussion was first initiated by Prof. Lin Yifu and Prof. Zhang Weiying. The former held that the government should make the best use of its advantages to launch industrial policies that are in line with comparative advantages and promote its own economic development. The latter believes that industrial policies are often ineffective or even harmful, and the government should not be so kind. In other words, Professor Lin believes the government should make a difference and Professor Zhang thinks the government should do nothing. The debate on industrial policies can be summed up as two issues, namely, the effectiveness and necessity of industrial policies. If effective, you need an industrial policy; if you do not, you do not need an industrial policy.