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目的:探讨住院患者念珠菌感染的病原学特征以及发生的相关危险因素。方法:对2006年4月1日到2008年3月31日间住院的1170例患者进行念珠菌感染的病原学研究;采用病例对照研究,对1170例念珠菌感染者和1220例无念珠菌感染者进行对比分析,应用SPSS13.0统计软件分析念珠菌感染发生的危险因素。结果:(1)从不同部位共分离出念珠菌1258株,以白念珠菌895株(71.14%)为最多、其次为光滑念珠菌(10.73%)、克柔念珠菌(10.26%)、热带念珠菌(3.42%)、近平滑念珠菌(2.78%)、葡萄牙念珠菌(1.67%);(2)单因素统计学分析结果显示住院患者念珠菌感染由多种因素造成;Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示:性别、年龄、病原菌检测时间、基础疾病、白蛋白值、预防性使用抗念珠菌药物、使用免疫抑制剂以及有创的检查和治疗是住院患者念珠菌感染的独立危险因素。结论:白念珠菌仍为住院患者念珠菌感染的主要病原菌;早期诊治基础疾病、合理规范应用检查和治疗手段是预防念珠菌感染的关键。
Objective: To investigate the etiological characteristics of candida infection in hospitalized patients and the related risk factors. Methods: A total of 1170 patients admitted to hospital from April 1, 2006 to March 31, 2008 were enrolled in the etiological study of Candida infection. A case-control study was conducted on 1170 Candida infections and 1220 Candida-free infections Who conducted comparative analysis, the application of statistical software SPSS13.0 analysis of Candida infection risk factors. Results: (1) 1258 Candida albicans isolates were isolated from different sites, with 895 strains of Candida albicans (71.14%) as the most, followed by Candida glabrata (10.73%), Candida krusei (10.26%), (3.42%), Candida parapsilosis (2.78%) and Candida albicans (1.67%). (2) The result of single factor statistical analysis showed that Candida infections in hospital were caused by many factors. Logistic regression analysis Shows that sex, age, pathogen detection time, underlying disease, albumin values, prophylactic use of anti-Candida drugs, the use of immunosuppressive agents and invasive tests and treatments are independent risk factors for Candida infections in hospitalized patients. Conclusion: Candida albicans is still the main pathogen of candidiasis in hospitalized patients. Early diagnosis and treatment of underlying diseases, and reasonable application of examination and treatment measures are the key to prevent Candida infections.