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在小学阶段学生先开始学习精确计算,也就是精算,从三年级开始学习估算,估算和精算都是学生数学计算能力的重要部分,两者的相互结合共同体现着算法的多样性。但在实际教学中,很多教师重视精算而忽视估算的重要性。本文,笔者根据多年实际教学经验,结合多方面的研究,从估算与精算的特点和两者的关系以及对估算意识的培养和方法的指导,浅谈小学数学的估算与精算。
In elementary school, students begin to study precision calculation, that is, actuarial calculation. Starting from the third grade, estimation and estimation are all important parts of students’ mathematical abilities. The combination of the two together embodies the diversity of algorithms. However, in actual teaching, many teachers pay attention to actuarial neglect of the importance of estimation. This article, based on many years of practical teaching experience, combined with many aspects of research, from the estimation and actuarial characteristics and the relationship between the two as well as the training of estimation and methodological guidance, elementary mathematics estimation and actuarial.