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1 母体方面常遇到的意外与困难操作的处理1·1 产道损伤 软产道损伤与胎先露高低、胎方位、胎儿大小、母体骨盆形态有关。先露高、胎头位置异常、胎儿较大、母体骨盆耻骨弓狭窄,都易导致产道下段裂伤。特别是干扰过早,阴道未能充分扩张的中位产钳术、旋转产钳术,若施转手法或用力不当常常导致阴道壁由上而下严重撕裂,甚至暴露阴道旁组织间隙直达盆壁、穹窿撕伤穿入直肠。当子宫颈口未开全时施术必然导致子宫颈撕伤,甚至向上延伸达到子宫下段造成子宫破裂;或因头盆不称,分娩梗阻,子宫上段收缩而下段扩张变薄,此时施术易致子宫下段破裂。骨产道损伤
1 maternal often encountered accidents and difficulties in the handling of 1.1 birth canal injury soft birth canal injury and fetal exposure level, fetal position, fetal size, the mother of the pelvic form. First dew high, fetal head position abnormalities, larger fetus, the mother of the pelvic symphysis bow stenosis, are easily lead to lower birth canal laceration. In particular, premature disruption of the vagina failed to fully expand the central forceps, rotational forceps surgery, if the method of rotation or improper use often lead to severe vaginal wall tear from top to bottom, and even exposed the vaginal tissue space directly to the pelvic wall, Vault tear into the rectum. When the cervix is not open all the time the operation will inevitably lead to cervical laceration, and even up to reach the lower uterine segment caused by rupture of the uterus; or due to cephalopelvic disproportion, obstruction of the upper part of the uterus contractions while the lower expansion and thinning, surgery Easy to cause lower rupture of the uterus. Abdominal injury