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目的了解中学生医疗常识与合理就医健康素养现状及其影响因素,并为开展健康干预提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取上海市虹口区在校中学生832人,通过自行设计的评估问卷进行健康素养现状调查,并分析其影响因素。结果虹口区中学生医疗常识与合理就医健康素养获取维度得分(7.58±2.27),理解维度得分(20.59±4.67),分析评价维度(8.67±2.23),运用维度(34.54±8.78),总分为(71.38±15.36)。调查对象中具备合理就医健康素养的比例为34.7%;年级、性别、户籍类型、学校健康教育课时及自评学习成绩会影响学生医疗常识与合理就医健康素养水平。结论上海市虹口区中学生医疗常识与合理就医健康素养水平仍然偏低,未来干预应该充分利用学校健康教育这一平台。
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of medical knowledge and reasonable medical attainment of secondary school students and to provide reference for carrying out health intervention. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 832 middle school students in Hongkou District of Shanghai. The status quo of health literacy was investigated through self-designed questionnaire, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results The score of health dimension (7.58 ± 2.27), understanding dimension score (20.59 ± 4.67), analysis and evaluation dimension (8.67 ± 2.23), using dimension (34.54 ± 8.78) 71.38 ± 15.36). The proportion of respondents with reasonable medical and health literacy was 34.7%. Grade, gender, type of household registration, class hours of school health education and self-evaluation of academic achievements affected the students’ medical knowledge and reasonable level of medical and health literacy. Conclusions The medical knowledge and reasonable level of medical literacy for middle school students in Hongkou District of Shanghai are still low. Future interventions should make full use of the platform of school health education.