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目的了解上海市青浦区中小学生伤害发生的流行特点和规律,为制定伤害干预措施提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取青浦区30所中小学校在校学生3 200人,采取问卷进行现况调查和研究。结果该人群一年内发生伤害13种,伤害发生率为55.80%,发生2种以上伤害者占24.91%;小学生伤害发生率为72.16%,中学生伤害发生率为34.06%,小学生伤害率明显高于中学生(P<0.01);男生伤害发生率为60.92%,女生伤害发生率为50.00%,男生伤害率明显高于女生(P<0.01)。伤害类型排在前5位的是跌伤、碰伤、刀割伤、烧烫伤和动物咬伤。学生伤害地点分为校内、校外和家中,分别为21.37%、34.83%4、3.80%,在家中伤害比例最高(P<0.01)。结论中小学生伤害发生与年龄、性别、父母职业、与亲人共同生活否、是否为独生子女有密切关系。伤害已对中小学生构成了严重威胁,应采取相应的预防和控制措施。
Objective To understand the prevalent characteristics and patterns of injuries among primary and secondary school students in Qingpu District, Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for making injury interventions. Methods A total of 3 200 students were enrolled in 30 primary and secondary schools in Qingpu District by random cluster sampling and questionnaire survey. Results There were 13 kinds of injuries in one year, the incidence of injuries was 55.80%, the incidence of more than two kinds of injuries was 24.91%. The incidence of primary school students’ injuries was 72.16% and that of middle school students was 34.06%. The injury rate of primary school students was significantly higher than that of middle school students (P <0.01). The incidence of injury was 60.92% for boys and 50.00% for girls. The injury rate of boys was significantly higher than that of girls (P <0.01). The top 5 injuries were falls, bruises, knife cuts, burns and animal bites. Student injury sites were divided into school, school and home, respectively, 21.37%, 34.83% 4,3.80%, the highest proportion of injuries at home (P <0.01). Conclusions There is a close relationship between primary and secondary school students’ injuries and age, gender, parental occupation, living with their loved ones or whether they are only children. Injury has posed a serious threat to primary and secondary students, and should take appropriate preventive and control measures.