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本文用NADPH－d组织化学方法观察NOS阳性神经元在大鼠下丘脑室旁核生后发育各阶段（1、7、14、21、28和90d）的形态及分布特征。结果显示，1d时下丘脑室旁核内已有密集的NOS阳性神经元分布，但随生长发育，室旁核的截面积逐渐变大，其中的NOS神经元主要集中在该核的外侧大细胞部以及腹侧部，单位面积中的NOS神经元的密度逐渐降低。到21d，下丘脑室旁核NOS阳性神经元的分布密度较1d时下降50％。28d以后至成年鼠（90d），此密度维持在一定水平．提示下丘脑室旁核中NOS神经元的生后发育主要在生后1d至21d之间，并提示胚胎时期该核中已有NOS神经元存在。
NADPH-d histochemical method was used to observe the morphological and distribution characteristics of NOS positive neurons at different developmental stages (1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 90 days) in rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. The results showed that there was a dense distribution of NOS-positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus on day 1, but the cross-sectional area of paraventricular nucleus became larger along with the growth and development. The NOS neurons mainly concentrated in the outer large cell As well as the ventral part, the density of NOS neurons per unit area is gradually decreased. By 21 days, the distribution density of NOS positive neurons in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus decreased by 50% compared with that at 1 day. After 28 days to adult rats (90d), the density was maintained at a certain level. It is suggested that the postnatal development of NOS neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus is mainly between 1d and 21d after birth and suggests that NOS neurons exist in this nucleus during embryogenesis.