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在闽南话里有一类特殊的程度副词,它们原本的词义都表示一些最不吉利的意思,作程度副词时,原来的词义转向抽象、虚化,表示程度达到极点。这类词主要包括“死、绝、死人、死绝、夭寿、失德、棺材、哭父、死父、无父”淤等十个。文章拟从语义、句法、语用三个方面,对这一类特殊的程度副词进行分析。其中“死人”一词在闽南方言区使用范围很广,且颇具特色,为方便分析,我们把这类特殊的极量程度副词称为“死人”类程度副词。文中举例大多来自词典和已发表的论著,部分来自网络和笔者的调查,后两者在所列例子后以“翌”标注。
In the Minnan dialect there is a special class of degree adverbs, their original meanings are some of the most inauspicious meaning, as degree adverbs, the original meaning of meaning turned to abstract, virtual, indicating the degree of extreme. Such words include “dead, dead, dead, dead, yao shou, lose face, coffin, crying father, father, father ” silt ten. The article intends to analyze the special degree adverbs of this kind from three aspects of semantics, syntax and pragmatics. Among them, the term “dead person” is widely used in Minnan dialect area and is quite distinctive. For the convenience of analysis, we call this special adverb of extreme degree the adverb of degree “” “dead ”. Examples in the text are mostly from dictionaries and published treatises, partly from surveys conducted by the Internet and the author, and the latter two are labeled “next” after the listed examples.