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伤寒是一常见的急性消化道传染病。自抗菌药物问世后,其病死率逐渐下降,由伤寒所致的并发症的发生率也随之下降。伤寒的并发症可表现有多种。由伤寒杆菌本身所致的有脑膜炎、细菌性心内膜炎、骨化脓性炎症、肺炎和急性胆囊炎等;由毒血症所致的有心肌炎、肝损害和急性溶血性尿毒综合征等;由免疫改变所致的有肾炎等;由肠道局部病变所致的有肠穿孔和肠出血等。其他少见的尚有关节炎、流产、急性胰腺炎、视神经炎、角膜炎、结膜炎、血小板减少伴出血、静脉或动脉血栓形成等。本文仅就国外有关资料中常见的主要并发症作一概述。
Typhoid fever is a common acute gastrointestinal disease. Since the advent of antimicrobial agents, its mortality has been gradually reduced, the incidence of complications caused by typhoid also decreased. A variety of typhoid complications can occur. By the typhoid bacillus itself caused by meningitis, bacterial endocarditis, purulent inflammation of the bone, pneumonia and acute cholecystitis; caused by toxication, myocarditis, liver damage and acute hemolytic uremic syndrome ; Caused by immune changes such as nephritis; caused by intestinal lesions caused by intestinal perforation and intestinal bleeding. There are other rare arthritis, abortion, acute pancreatitis, optic neuritis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, thrombocytopenia with bleeding, venous or arterial thrombosis. This article only summarizes the main complications commonly seen in foreign data.