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氧化亚氮(N_2O)不仅是重要的温室气体之一,还对臭氧层具有破坏作用。由于人为活动加剧,导致大气N_2O浓度以每年约0.25%的速率增加。海洋是大气N_2O的重要释放源。海洋溶存N_2O的氮、氧同位素组成可以反映N_2O的源与汇以及N_2O的形成机制,是海洋氮循环过程研究的一个重要示踪指标。本文简述海洋N_2O产生和消耗机制,总结不同环境中N_2O稳定氮、氧同位素组成和N_2O循环过程的同位素分馏效应,并回顾了国际上应用稳定氮、氧同位素研究海洋N_2O形成机制的研究进展,最后评述我国近海N_2O稳定氮、氧同位素研究现状并提出展望。
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is not only one of the important greenhouse gases, but also has a damaging effect on the ozone layer. Due to increased anthropogenic activities, atmospheric N 2 O concentrations have increased at a rate of about 0.25% per year. The ocean is an important release source of atmospheric N 2 O. The nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of marine dissolved N 2 O can reflect the source and sink of N 2 O and the formation mechanism of N 2 O, which is an important tracing index for the study of marine nitrogen cycle. In this paper, the mechanism of ocean N 2 O generation and depletion is briefly reviewed. The isotopic fractionation effects of stable N 2 O and N 2 O cycles in different environments are summarized. The research progress on the application of stable nitrogen and oxygen isotopes to ocean N 2 O formation is reviewed. Finally, the current research status of stable N and O isotopes of offshore N2O in China is reviewed and put forward.