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患儿在术前经常出现严重的焦虑和痛苦，这会产生诸多不良影响。考虑到应用镇静药物来缓解术前焦虑可能产生不良反应及影响术后功能，越来越多的研究者将目光转向非药物干预来减轻患儿的术前焦虑水平。文章对目前所采取的主要的几种非药物干预措施，如加强术前准备教育、分散患儿注意力、家长陪伴诱导及音乐疗法、催眠等的现阶段研究进展以及未来发展进行综述，旨在为未来寻找减轻小儿术前焦虑、推动小儿舒适化医疗发展的可能措施提供新的思路。“,”Children often present serious anxiety and distress before surgery, which may be associated with many negative clinical outcomes. As sedative agents may result in adverse reactions and affect postoperative function, nonpharmaceutical interventions have been drawn increasing attention to relieve preoperative anxiety in children. This review summarizes the research progress on the commonly used nonpharmacological interventions such as preoperative education, distraction, parental presence and music therapy and hypnosis, so as to provide new thoughts for possible approaches to reduce preoperative anxiety and promote the development of comfortable medical procedures in children.