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为探索一种有效且适应西藏藏药栽培的非化学除草方式,保证中药材质量与品质,通过在藏药匙叶翼首草人工栽培样地设置人工除草(MW)、覆黑膜(MF)以及不除草(CK)等不同除草处理,并调查不同处理措施下各样点的物种组成、数量、高度、盖度以及生物量等杂草群落特征,探讨人工除草方式和覆黑膜除草方式对翼首草样地杂草防控效果和对翼首草产量的影响。结果表明:MW处理下杂草种类最多,有20种,CK有18种,MF有8种杂草;从杂草的数量、高度以及地上生物量来看,对照杂草的总密度、平均高度以及地上总生物是MW处理的2.00、1.48和3.80倍,是MF处理的4.19、3.77和61.21倍,处理间差异显著(P<0.05);而从杂草功能群多度来看,CK中胁迫忍耐型杂草功能群多度最大,MW中干扰型杂草功能群多度最大,MF中竞争型杂草功能群相对多度最大;从杂草和翼首草的生态位特征来看,MW处理生态位宽度和种间重叠较小CK优势杂草生态位宽度和种间重叠较大,MF处理也是杂草生态位宽度较大但种间重复较小,各处理翼首草生态位宽度大小依次为MF>MW>CK;从不同除草措施翼首草产量来看,MF处理翼首草产量分别是MW和CK的1.32和1.78倍(P<0.05)。总得来看,MF处理除草效果最佳,且翼首草产量最大,MW处理除草效果次之,杂草严重影响了翼首草产量。
In order to explore a non-chemical weeding method that is effective and suitable for cultivation of Tibetan medicine in Tibet and ensure the quality and quality of Chinese herbal medicine, we set up artificial grass weaving (MW), black film (MF) And weedless (CK) were studied. The species composition, abundance, coverage, biomass and other characteristics of weed communities were also investigated under different treatments. The effects of artificial weeding method and weeding method Effects of Control and Control of Weeds in Pterocactus gracilis and Their Effects on the Yield of. The results showed that there were 20 species of weeds under MW treatment, 18 species of CK and 8 species of MFs. According to the quantity, height and aboveground biomass of weeds, the total weed density, average height And 2.50, 1.48 and 3.80 folds of MW, respectively, which were 4.19, 3.71 and 61.21 times higher than that of MF treatment (P <0.05). However, The weed-tolerant weed has the highest degree of functional group, the largest number of interfered weed functional groups in MW, and the largest relative abundance of competitive weed functional groups in MF. According to the niche characteristics of Weed and Zoysia, MW The niche breadth and the interspecies overlap of CK were weaker. The niche breadth and interspecific overlap of weed were higher in treatment of MF, and the niche breadth of weed was greater in weed treatment than in MF treatment. However, Followed by MF> MW> CK. From the results of different herbicidal measures, the yields of MF were 1.32 and 1.78 times higher than those of MW and CK respectively (P <0.05). Overall, MF treatment weeding the best, and the highest yield capitatum, MW treatment followed by weeding, weeds severely affected the yield of Pterocephalus.