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北京时间2011年3月11日13时46分,在日本本州东海岸附近海域发生9.0级地震,地震发生后中国科学院对地观测中心迅速启动重大灾害应急响应及时对灾情进行评估.本文首先基于灾前多光谱遥感影像提取了地震重灾区岩手、宫城、福岛三县的建筑物与农田信息,然后通过与地震烈度分区的叠置分析,评估了建筑物的受损情况.同时,通过建立基于地形与距离海岸线距离的海啸影响程度评估模型,分析了重灾区沿海岸线建筑物与农田受海啸影响的损失结果.评估结果部分采用灾后高分辨率影像进行了验证.结果表明,宫城县由地震及其诱发海啸造成的损失最大,全县76%左右的建筑遭受的地震烈度达6度以上(日本烈度表示法),24%左右的建筑与12%左右的农田遭受海啸入侵,其次损失为福岛、岩手两县.该结果为进一步开展经济、社会等灾情分析与评估提供了科学数据.
Beijing time at 13:46 on March 11, 2011, the magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred in the sea near the east coast of Honshu, Japan, the Earth Observation Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences promptly launched a major disaster emergency response in time for the assessment of the disaster.This paper first based on the disaster Pre-multispectral remote sensing imagery extracted information of buildings and farmland in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures in the earthquake-stricken area, and then assessed the damage of buildings through the overlay analysis with seismic intensity zoning. At the same time, Based on the tsunami impact assessment model between the terrain and the distance from the shoreline, the damage results of tsunamis affected by buildings and farmlands along the coastline in the hardest hit were analyzed.The results of the assessment were partially verified by high-resolution post-disaster images.The results show that Miyagi Prefecture The earthquake and its induced tsunami caused the most losses, with about 76% of the county’s buildings being exposed to earthquakes of over 6 degrees (Japan’s intensity indicator), about 24% of buildings and 12% of farmland suffered tsunamis, and secondly losses Fukushima Prefecture and Iwate Prefecture.These results provide scientific data for further analysis and assessment of economic, social and other disaster situations.