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目的:总结分析妇产科手术后下肢血栓形成的原因、早期诊断、治疗措施、预防措施等。方法:选择2010年6月~2012年11月期间我院妇产科手术后发生下肢血栓的56例患者为研究对象,分析其临床诊断、治疗情况。结果:56例患者均表现为下肢水肿、胀痛、皮肤苍白、皮肤温度升高等,持续低热,外周血肿白细胞偏高;经治疗后,下肢水肿、胀痛症状消失。治疗期间未发现肺栓塞、脑栓塞并发症。复查显示:36例患者早期溶栓后血栓消失,且静脉回流畅通;20例患者血栓明显减小,部分血栓再通。结论:妇产科手术前做好高危评估工作、术中谨慎操作、术后尽早活动下肢,可以起到预防术后下肢血栓形成的效果,已发生的下肢血栓主要给予抗凝治疗。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the causes, early diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures of lower extremity thrombosis after obstetrics and gynecology surgery. Methods: 56 patients with lower extremity thrombus after obstetrics and gynecology surgery in our hospital from June 2010 to November 2012 were selected as the research object, and their clinical diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Results: 56 patients showed lower extremity edema, pain, pale skin, skin temperature, sustained low fever, peripheral blood leukocyte hyperplasia; after treatment, lower extremity edema, swelling and pain symptoms disappear. No pulmonary embolism or cerebral embolism was found during treatment. Review showed: 36 patients thrombosis disappeared after early thrombolysis, and venous return flow; 20 patients significantly reduced thrombosis, partial thrombectomy. Conclusion: Obstetrics and gynecology should do the high-risk evaluation before operation, operate cautiously during operation and move the lower extremities as soon as possible after surgery to prevent thrombosis of lower extremity. The lower extremity thrombosis occurred is mainly given anticoagulant therapy.