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[目的]研究惠安县道路交通伤害发生的特点和规律,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。[方法]采用分层随机抽样法,抽取县级医院、中心卫生院、卫生院各1家为哨点监测医院。[结果]2006-2007年监测3 574人,男∶女=1.87∶1;平均年龄(34.0±14.0)岁,25~44岁年龄组居多(52.4%);初中文化程度的比例最高(52.0%);职业分布居前的为其他/不详22.1%、工人18.4%。有83.5%的道路交通伤害发生在驾乘交通工具时,9.5%为休闲活动;15~64岁人群主要是驾乘交通工具(86.9%),而0~14岁和65岁以上以休闲活动为主。伤害性质:脑震荡/脑挫裂伤(36.5%)、挫伤/擦伤(27.9%)和骨折(25.6%)分列前3位;受伤部位神经系统的比例36.5%,远高于其他部位。65岁以上人群的中重度比例略高于其他年龄人群,而后者以轻伤为主;66.3%的患者需观察/住院/转院;99.0%为非故意伤害。[结论]男性、20~44岁是重点干预人群,只有在全社会开展安全交通的普及教育,培养良好的交通习惯,才能减少道路交通伤害的发生。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the characteristics and rules of road traffic injuries in Hui’an County and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. [Method] The stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 county-level hospitals, 1 center health center and 1 health center as sentinel surveillance hospitals. [Results] A total of 3 574 males and females were 1.87:1, with a mean age of 34.0 ± 14.0 years (52.4%) in the age group of 25-44 years. The highest level of junior high school education was 52.0% ); The top occupations are other / unknown 22.1%, workers 18.4%. 83.5% of road traffic injuries occurred while driving. 9.5% were for leisure activities; 15-64-year-olds were mainly for motor vehicles (86.9%) while 0-14 and 65 years of age were for leisure activities the Lord. Injury nature: concussion / cerebral contusion (36.5%), contusion / abrasion (27.9%) and fracture (25.6%) ranked the first three; injured part of the nervous system ratio of 36.5%, much higher than other parts. The moderate-to-severe proportion of the population over the age of 65 was slightly higher than the other age groups, while the latter were mainly minor injuries; 66.3% of the patients needed to be observed / hospitalized / transferred; 99.0% were unintentional injuries. [Conclusion] Men, 20 ~ 44 years old are the key intervention groups. Only when the whole society carries out popularization education of safe transportation and fostering good traffic habits can we reduce the occurrence of road traffic injuries.